Kedu ihe ngosi magnetik agụnyere na ihe ndị na-adịgide adịgide?
Isi ihe ndọta gụnyere remanence (Br), mmanye induction magnetik (bHc), mmanye ime mmụọ (jHc), na ngwaahịa ike kachasị (BH) Max.Ewezuga ndị ahụ, enwere mmemme ndị ọzọ: Curie Temperature (Tc), Temperature Working (Tw), ọnụọgụ okpomọkụ nke remanence (α), ọnụọgụ okpomọkụ nke coercivity intrinsic (β), mgbake nke rec (μrec) na demagnetization curve rectangularity. (Hk/jHc).
Gịnị bụ ike ndọta?
N'afọ 1820, ọkà mmụta sayensị HCOersted na Denmark chọtara agịga ahụ dị nso na waya nke nwere mgbagha ugbu a, nke na-ekpughe njikọ dị n'etiti ọkụ eletrik na magnetism, mgbe ahụ, a mụrụ Electromagnetics.Omume na-egosi na ike nke oghere magnetik na nke dị ugbu a na waya na-enweghị ngwụcha nke a na-emepụta gburugburu ya bụ nha nha, ma na-agbanwe agbanwe na anya site na waya.Na sistemụ unit SI, nkọwa nke iburu 1 amperes nke waya na-enweghị ngwụcha n'ebe dị anya nke 1 / waya (2 pi) magnetik ike mita anya bụ 1A / m (an / M);iji na-echeta onyinye Oersted na electromagnetism, na unit nke CGS usoro, nkọwa nke iburu 1 amperes nke ugbu a enweghi ngwụcha na ike ndọta nke 0.2 waya anya anya bụ 1Oe cm (Oster), 1/ (1Oe = 4 PI) * 103A/m, na ike ndọta na-egosipụtakarị na H.
Kedu ihe bụ polarization magnetik (J), kedu ihe bụ ike ndọta (M), kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti ha abụọ?
Ọmụmụ ihe ndọta n'oge a na-egosi na ihe ndọta niile sitere na ugbu a, nke a na-akpọ magnetik dipole. Oke kachasị nke oghere magnetik na oghere bụ oge magnetik dipole Pm kwa unit mpụga magnetik, na oge magnetik dipole kwa nkeji olu. ihe bụ J, na SI unit bụ T (Tesla).Vector nke oge magnetik kwa nkeji olu ihe bụ M, na oge ndọta bụ Pm/ μ0 , na SI unit bụ A / m (M / m).Ya mere, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti M na J: J = μ0M, μ0 bụ maka ikuku permeability, na SI unit, μ0 = 4π * 10-7H / m (H / m).
Kedu ihe bụ ike induction magnetik (B), gịnị bụ njupụta ndọta (B), kedu ihe jikọrọ B na H, J, M?
Mgbe a na-etinye oghere ndọta na ọkara H ọ bụla, ike ndọta dị n'etiti etiti ahụ abụghị H, mana ike ndọta nke H gbakwunyere ihe ndọta J. N'ihi na ike nke oghere magnet n'ime ihe na-egosi site na magnetik. ubi H site na ọkara nke ntinye.Iji dị iche na H, anyị na-akpọ ya ihe ndọta ndọta, nke a kọwara dị ka B: B= μ0H+J (SI unit) B=H+4πM (CGS units)
Akụkụ nke ike induction magnetik B bụ T, na CGS unit bụ Gs (1T=10Gs).Enwere ike iji ahịrị oghere ndọta nọchiri anya ihe omume ndọta nke ọma, yana induction ndọta B nwekwara ike kọwapụta dị ka njupụta ndọta.Enwere ike iji ntinye ndọta B na njupụta ndọta B na echiche ụwa niile.
Gịnị a na-akpọ remanence (Br), ihe a na-akpọ magnetik coercive Force (bHc), kedu ihe bụ intrinsic mmanye ike (jHc)?
Magnet magnetik magnetization magnetization ka saturation mgbe ndọrọ ego nke mpụga magnetik na steeti mechiri emechi, magnetik polarization J na esịtidem magnetik induction B na agaghị akwụsị n'ihi na nke efu nke H na mpụga magnetik, na ga-anọgide na-a uru ụfọdụ nha.A na-akpọ uru a magnetik induction residual, nke a na-akpọ remanence Br, unit SI bụ T, CGS unit bụ Gs (1T=10⁴Gs).The demagnetization curve nke magnet na-adịgide adịgide, mgbe reverse magnetik ubi H na-abawanye na uru nke bHc, magnetik induction ike nke B magnet bụ 0, na-akpọ H uru nke reverse magnetik ihe magnetik coercivity nke bHc;na ntụgharị ndọta H = bHc, anaghị egosi ike nke mpụga magnetik flux, coercivity nke bHc njirimara nke ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide iji guzogide oghere ndọta mpụga ma ọ bụ mmetụta demagnetization ọzọ.Coercivity bHc bụ otu n'ime akụkụ dị mkpa nke imewe sekit magnetik.Mgbe ntụgharị ndọta H = bHc, ọ bụ ezie na ndọta adịghị egosi mgbanwe ndọta, mana ike ndọta nke magnet J na-anọgide na-aba uru na ntụziaka mbụ.Ya mere, ihe ndọta dị n'ime bHc ezughi oke iji mara ndọta.Mgbe ntụgharị ndọta H na-abawanye na jHc, vector micro magnetik dipole magnet internal bụ 0. A na-akpọ uru oghere ndọta ntụgharị ihu igwe nke jHc.Coercivity jHc bụ ihe dị oke mkpa anụ ahụ nke ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide, ọ bụkwa njirimara nke ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide iji guzogide mpụga ndọta ndọta ma ọ bụ mmetụta demagnetization ọzọ, iji nọgide na-enwe ndepụta dị mkpa nke ike ndọta mbụ ya.
Kedu ngwaahịa ike kachasị (BH) m?
N'ime usoro BH nke demagnetization nke ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide (na nkeji nke abụọ), ihe ndọta kwekọrọ na ya dị iche iche nọ n'ọnọdụ ọrụ dị iche iche.Usoro nke demagnetization BH nke otu ebe na Bm na Hm (nchịkọta kwụ ọtọ na nke kwụ ọtọ) na-anọchi anya nha magnet na ike induction magnet na oghere magnetik nke steeti.Ikike nke BM na HM nke uru zuru oke nke ngwaahịa Bm*Hm bụ maka ọnọdụ magnetik ọrụ mpụga, nke ya na ike magnetik echekwara na magnet, nke a na-akpọ BHmax.Ihe ndọta dị n'ọnọdụ nke oke uru (BmHm) na-anọchi anya ikike ọrụ mpụga magnet, nke a na-akpọ ngwaahịa ike kachasị nke magnet, ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ike, nke akpọrọ (BH) m.Ngalaba BHmax na sistemụ SI bụ J/m3 (joules / m3), yana usoro CGS maka MGOe, 1MGOe = 10²/4π kJ/m3.
Kedu ihe bụ Curie okpomọkụ (Tc), kedu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke magnet (Tw), mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ha?
Okpomọkụ Curie bụ ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke magnetization nke ihe ndọta na-ebelata ka ọ bụrụ efu, ọ bụkwa isi ihe dị mkpa maka ntụgharị ferromagnetic ma ọ bụ ihe ferrimagnetic ka ọ bụrụ ihe para-magnetic.Curie okpomọkụ Tc bụ naanị ihe jikọrọ ya na ihe mejupụtara ya ma ọ nweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na micro-structure of the material.N'otu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, njirimara magnetik nke ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide nwere ike ibelata site n'ụdị a kapịrị ọnụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke ahụ na okpomọkụ.A na-akpọ okpomoku ahụ ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke magnet Tw.The ịdị ukwuu nke magnetik ike mbelata na-adabere na ngwa nke magnetik, bụ ihe undetermined uru, otu magnet na-adịgide adịgide na dị iche iche ngwa nwere dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ Tw.Okpomọkụ Curie nke ihe ndọta Tc na-anọchite anya tiori nke oke okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe ahụ.Okwesiri iburu n'uche na Tw na-arụ ọrụ nke magnet ọ bụla na-adịgide adịgide abụghị nanị ihe metụtara Tc, kamakwa ọ na-ejikọta ya na njirimara magnetik nke magnet, dị ka jHc, na ọnọdụ ọrụ nke magnet na sekit magnetik.
Gịnị bụ magnetik permeability nke na-adịgide adịgide magnet (μrec), gịnị bụ J demagnetization curve squareness (Hk / jHc), ha pụtara?
Nkọwa nke demagnetization curve nke BH magnet arụ ọrụ ebe D reciprocating mgbanwe track akara azụ magnet ike, mkpọda nke ahịrị maka nloghachi permeability μrec.N'ụzọ doro anya, permeability nke μrec na-egosipụta nkwụsi ike nke magnet n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike.Ọ bụ squareness nke magnet na-adịgide adịgide BH demagnetization curve, na bụ otu n'ime mkpa magnetik Njirimara nke na-adịgide adịgide magnets.Maka magnetik Nd-Fe-B sintered, μrec = 1.02-1.10, obere μrec bụ, ka mma nkwụsi ike nke magnet n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike.
Kedu ihe bụ sekit magnetik, gịnị bụ sekit magnetik mepere emepe, steeti mechiri emechi?
A na-ezo aka na sekit magnetik na mpaghara a kapịrị ọnụ na oghere ikuku, nke jikọtara ya na otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide, waya na-ebu ugbu a, ígwè dị ka otu ọdịdị na nha.Ígwè nwere ike ịbụ ígwè dị ọcha, obere carbon ígwè, Ni-Fe, Ni-Co alloy na elu permeability ihe.Ígwè dị nro, nke a makwaara dị ka yoke, ọ na-eme usoro nchịkwa mgbanwe, na-abawanye ike induction magnetik nke mpaghara, gbochie ma ọ bụ belata ntachi magnet, na-abawanye ike nke akụkụ nke ọrụ na sekit magnetik.A na-akpọkarị ọnọdụ magnetik nke otu ndọta dị ka oghere mepere emepe mgbe ígwè dị nro na-anọghị;mgbe magnet nọ na sekit na-agbagharị agbagharị nke ejiri ígwè dị nro kpụrụ, a na-ekwu na magnet dị na steeti sekit mechiri emechi.
Kedu ihe bụ ihe arụrụ arụ nke magnetik Nd-Fe-B?
Njirimara igwe nke sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets:
| Ehulata Ike /MPa | Ike mkpakọ /MPa | Isi ike / Hv | Yong Modulus /kN/mm2 | Mgbatị /% |
| 250-450 | 1000-1200 | 600-620 | 150-160 | 0 |
Enwere ike ịhụ na magnet Nd-Fe-B sintered bụ ihe na-agbaji agbaji.N'oge usoro nhazi, ịgbakọta na iji magnetik, ọ dị mkpa ịṅa ntị iji gbochie magnet ka ọ bụrụ mmetụta siri ike, nkukota, na nrụgide siri ike dị ukwuu, ka ịzenarị mgbawa ma ọ bụ ndakpọ nke magnet.Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na ike ndọta nke sintered Nd-Fe-B magnetik siri nnọọ ike na steeti magnetized, ndị mmadụ kwesịrị ilekọta nchekwa nke onwe ha mgbe ha na-arụ ọrụ, iji gbochie mkpịsị aka na-arị elu site na ike mmịpụta siri ike.
Kedu ihe ndị na-emetụta izi ezi nke magnet Nd-Fe-B sintered?
Ihe ndị na-emetụta nkenke nke sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet bụ ọ na-edozi ngwá ọrụ, ngwá ọrụ na nkà na ụzụ nhazi, na ọkwa nkà na ụzụ nke onye ọrụ, wdg. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, micro-structure nke ihe onwunwe nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ya. nhazi nhazi nke magnet.Ọmụmaatụ, magnetik nwere isi na-adọ nke keadighi rarii ọka, n'elu adịkarị mfe inwe pitting na machining ala;ndọta abnormal ọka ibu, elu machining ala na-adịkarị mfe inwe olulu ndanda;njupụta, mejupụtara na nghazi bụ ihe na-adịghị mma, nha chamfer ga-abụ nke na-ezighi ezi;magnet nke nwere ọdịnaya oxygen dị elu na-agbaji agbaji, ọ na-adịkwa mfe ịkụpụ akụkụ n'oge usoro nhazi;na magnet isi frasi nke keadighi rarii grains na Nd ọgaranya frasi nkesa bụ edoghị edo, edo plating adhesion na mkpụrụ, mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ uniformity, na corrosion iguzogide nke mkpuchi ga-abụ karịa isi frasi nke ezi ọka na edo nkesa nke Nd. ọgaranya na-adọ ọdịiche magnetik ahu.Iji nweta ngwaahịa magnet Nd-Fe-B ziri ezi, onye na-emepụta ihe, injinia na onye ọrụ kwesịrị ịkparịta ụka n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ.